![]() There they live in two isolated populations in areas of dense jungle, mangroves swamps and bamboo thickets. Ujung Kulong Park is thought to be the only place where Javanese rhinoceros are found in Java. The are no Javanese rhino in any zoo, let alone a breeding pair. The last rhinoceros in Vietnam was reportedly killed in 2010. As of 2009, there are only 40 of them remaining in Ujung Kulon Conservation, Java, Indonesia. ![]() By the 1930s the rhinoceros was nearly hunted to extinction in India, Burma, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra for the supposed medical powers of its horn and blood. Their original range included Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Malaysia, Bangladesh, India and Nepal. ![]() According to 2002 estimates, only about 60 remain, in Java (Indonesia) and Vietnam. Javan rhinoceroses are among the rarest animals on earth. The presence of rhino tracks on the beach led some scientists to speculate that the rhinos also eat salt-water mangroves. If they can't reach the shoots on small trees they will often knock the tree down to get at them. Largely nocturnal, Javan rhinos it eats a variety of plant but seem to prefer the shoots of young trees. They are thought to be territorial, marking their territory with piles of dung and urine pools. Sections of males home ranges usually extend to the coast. One calf is born and it is thought to saty with the mother for around two years. Females give birth and raise their calves near the coast. They will flee their normal browsing grounds if they sense humans or animals such as oxen or deer coming near. These animals prefer dense lowland rain forest, tall grass and reed beds that are plentiful with large floodplains and mud wallows. Of all the rhino species, the least is known of the Javan Rhino. The thick gray skin is divided into deep folds, making a saddle over the neck, with lumps or nodules, giving an armor-plated effect. Javan rhinoceros are relatively hairless except for their ears. Females have knobs or nothing that is visible. Adults are variously reported to weigh between 900 to 1,400 kilograms or 1,360 to 2,000 kilograms. The Javan rhino's body length reaches up 3.2 meters (10 feet), including its head and stands 1.5 to 1.7 meters (4 feet, 10 inches to 5 feet 7 inches) at the shoulder. The Javan rhinoceros’s hairless, hazy gray skin falls into folds into the shoulder, back, and rump giving it an armored-like appearance. They hope the true figure may be in the 70s and will have a new estimate once data for 2013 has been collated. Officials in Ujung Kulon believe there were 51 of the rhinos in 2012, including eight calves, basing their estimate on images captured by hidden cameras. Reporting from Ujung Kulon, Arlina Arshad of AFP wrote: “The shy creature, whose folds of loose skin give it the appearance of wearing armour plating, once numbered in the thousands and roamed across Southeast Asia. There are thought to be only around 50 of the animals left in existence, all living in the wild in Ujung Kulon National Park. The Javan rhino may be the rarest large mammal on Earth. More than almost any other creature living today it resembles the prehistoric mammals which dominated the earth millions of years ago. Its distinguishing features are its 26-centimeters horn and a prominent fold in the hide of its front shoulder. Like the closely related Indian rhinoceros, the Javan rhinoceros has a single horn. The Javan rhinoceros is slightly smaller than the Indian rhino and a little bit larger than the Sumatran rhino.
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